Finite Verb

We will learn about the Descriptive Text..what is it?okey...you should get ready learn about that!

                            
                                      Finite Verb

A finite verb is a verb that is inflected for person and for tense according to the rules and categories of the languages in which it occurs. Finite verbs can form independent clauses, which can stand by their own as complete sentences.
Every grammatically correct sentence or clause must contain a finite verb; sentence fragments not containing finite verbs are described as phrases.
Some interjections can play the same role. Even in English, a sentence like Thanks for your help! has an interjection where it could have a subject and a finite verb form (compare I appreciate your help!).

Descriptive Text

      

We will learn about the Descriptive Text..what is it?okey...you should get ready learn about that!

                              Descriptive Text

    Definition:  A Descriptive text is a text which lists the Characteristics of something.

•          Descriptive text       Descriptive writing or text is usually also used to help writer develop an aspect of their work, e.g. to create a particular mood, atmosphere or describe a place so that the reader can create vivid pictures of characters, places, objects etc

•            The social function

The social function of descriptive text is so describe a particular person, place, or things.

        It has the following characteristic.

Noun Phrase

We will learn about the Noun Phrase..what is it?okey...you should get ready learn about that!

                            Noun Phrase         

                                        

Noun phrases is constraction function as subject and object



2. Noun phrases is either a single noun or pronoun or any group of words containing a noun or a pronoun that function together as a noun or pronoun, as the subject or object of a verb.

Kinds of noun phrases :
a. Noun + Noun, example : Office boy
b. Verb + Noun, example : Take a bath
c. Gerund + Noun, example : Throwing ball
d. Pronoun + Noun, example : My book
e. Adjective + Noun, example : Black board
f. Determiner + Noun, example : A pen

Introductory it

 

We will learn about the Introductory it..what is it?okey...you should get ready learn about that!

                            

                                    Introductory it

Introductory it is a word that is used in a sentences,not influence the since of sentences,because the since has been carried by the other element’s sentences.

Introductory it has function as a pronoun. ‘’it’’ can be used as subject or object.

A.The place of ‘’it’’

·        It + to be + adjective

-it is not difficult to understand the lesson

·        It + to be + noun

-it is a pity house to spend the money that way

·        It + linking verb + adjective

-It became useless to go on

·        It + verb + that clause

-it happened that I was not out of town

News Item

We will learn about the News Item..what is it?okey...you should get ready learn about that!

                                    News Item

News Item is fsctual text which informs the readers about event of the day which are considered newsworthy important.

Social function of news item is;to inform readers,listerner of viewers about events of the day which are considered newsworthy or important.

Generic structure:

·          Newsworthy Event (s) : recount the events in summary form

·         Bacground Event (s) : elaborate what happened.to whom,in what circumstances

·         Sources:comment by participants in,witnesses to,and expert on the event.

Passive voice

We will learn about the Passive Voice..what is it?okey...you should get ready learn about that!

                                  Passive voice

Passive voice is the kinds of a sentences that used when the focus is on the action.It is not important or not known,however,who or what is perfoming the action.

Example: My bike was stolen.

In th example above,the focus is on the fact that mybike wa stolen.

When you’re rewriting aactive sentences in passive voice,not to following :

1.     The object of the active sentences become the subject of the passive sentence

2.     The finite form of the verb is changed ( to be +past particple)

3.     The subject of the active sentences become by Agent in the passive sentences(or is dropped)

4.     Only active sentences containing object wihich can be changed into passive form

5.     The two form should have the same tense

Formula:

Examples of Passive Level: lower intermediate

Tense		Subject	Verb	Object
Simple Present	Active:	Rita	writes	a letter.
	Passive:	A letter	is written	by Rita.
Simple Past	Active:	Rita	wrote	a letter.
	Passive:	A letter	was written	by Rita.
Present Perfect	Active:	Rita	has written	a letter.
	Passive:	A letter	has been written	by Rita.
Future I	Active:	Rita	will write	a letter.
	Passive:	A letter	will be written	by Rita.
Hilfsverben	Active:	Rita	can write	a letter.
	Passive:	A letter	can be written	by Rita.

Direct & Indirect Speech

We will learn about the Direct & Indirect Speech..what is it?okey...you should get ready learn about that!

                       Direct & Indirect Speech

 Direct Speech
Direct speech refers to reproducing another person’s exact word or saying exactly what someone has said (sometimes called quoted speech).Here what a person say appears within quotation marks (“ ..”)and should be word for word.

Example :

      Leah said “I will go to the market”

      “I must go to the Headmaster room right now” Kia said.

      Sarah said  “ I will go to the Palma with June this afternoon”.

      “I shall playing basket ball this afternoon in the Mantikei Fields” Rocky said.

Indirect Speech

Indirect speech reproducing the idea of another person’s word that doesn’t use question mark to enclose what the person said and it doesn’t have to be word for word .Indirect speech is sometimes called reported speech.

      Leah said she would go to the markeet.

      Kia said he might go to the headmaster room right now.

      Sarah said she would go to the Palma with bella this afternoon.

      Rocky said He should playing basket ball  this afternoon in the Mantike field.






  

                                                                                                     

  

DIRECT	INDIRECT
Simple present	Simple past
Simple Past	Past perfect
Present Perfect	Past perfect
Present continous	Past continous
Present perfect continous	Past perfect continous
Simple future	Past future

DIRECT	INDIRECT
Am,is,are	Was/were
Shall/will	Should/would
Can	Could
May,has to	Might
Have/has to	Had to

  

DIRECT SPEECH	INDIRECT SPEECH
Now	Then
Today/tonight	That day/that night
Yesterday	The day before/the pervious day
Tomorrow	The next/following day
Last week	The pervious week
Ago	The week after before

Will

She said “I”ll teach English online tomorrow”.

Can

She said,”I can teach English online.”

Must

She said.”I must have a computer a to teach English online”.

Shall

She said,”What shall we learn today?’’

May

She said,”May I open a new browser?”

INDIRECT SPEECH

Would

She said sahe would teach Englishonline tomorrow.

Could

She said she could teach English online.

Had to

 She said she had to have a computer to teach English online.

Should

She asked what we should learn today

Might

She asked if she might open a new browser.